| Ireland's History |
| FROM XVIth TO XVIIIth CENTURY |
| History - Part 3 |
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16th Century Henry VIII decides to reinforce English authority in Ireland, in preparation to a possible attack from the French or the Spanish through the island. He aims to destroy the earls of Kildare who have great influence and power. Their estates are allocated to different English settlers.
1541 Henry VIII is declared king of Ireland by the Parliament.
1594-1603 The Nine Years' War sees the last camp of Irish chiefs (Ulster) being left open to English rule. In 1607, over 90 |
Ulster chiefs flee Ireland forever. Over the following years, Elizabeth I and James I will gradually colonize Ireland. Rather than assimilating the Irish and Anglo-Norman Catholics, they confiscate their lands which are given to 'Protestant landowners'. This Period is know as the "Plantation".
1641 The Confederation of Kilkenny allies the native Irish and Anglo-Norman Catholics.
1649 Oliver Cromwell's army arrives in Ireland and embarks on a barbaric rampage through the country.
1689 James II, forced to flee England, comes to Ireland where he is recognized as king by the Irish Parliament.
12-07-1790 James II leads the Irish Catholics against the English Protestants at the Battle of the Boyne, and loses the victory to them. As a result, Catholics are prohibited under the 'popery code' (1695) to own land or enter any profession. All aspects of Irish culture are prohibited.
Late 18th Cent. The United Irishmen are formed in Belfast. They are working towards weakening the British power in Ireland. As the establishment no longer accepts them, they reorganize into a secret organisation and the Protestant Orange Society is formed by the loyalist Protestants in preparation of a conflict.
1798 The United Irishmen are hunted leading to the 1798 Rising. The United Irishmen movement comes to an end with the capture and suicide of their fiercest leader, Theobald Wolfe Tone. |
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